This effectively solves the problem of the final helix. Left: Short-tailed proteins (red) were successfully woven into the cellular membrane, reaching the membrane of the lysosome organelle (green); ...

Yamuna Krishnan at the University of Chicago have identified the protein responsible for a key role in how lysosomes work: how calcium ions get into lysosomes. Published in Science Advances ...

Their study, published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, reveals how a protein ... membrane bubble called an autophagosome. This bubble then merges with the lysosome ...

To pinpoint the individual components of the missing pathway, Tan used a lentivirus to express an enzyme called Turbo-ID in human cells, which sticks a biotin tag onto any protein within a ...