Refining petroleum involves cracking large hydrocarbon molecules into smaller, more volatile pieces. A simple example of hydrocarbon cracking is the gas-phase thermal decomposition of butane to give ethane and ethylene: (a) Write the equilibrium constant expressions for Kp and Kc . (b) The value of Kp at 500^∘ C is 12 . What is the value of Kc ? (c) A sample of butane having a pressure of 50 atm is heated at 500^∘ C in a closed container at constant volume. When equilibrium is reached, what perc

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